ExtraHop named a Leader in the 2025 Forrester Wave™: Network Analysis And Visibility Solutions

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DETECTION OVERVIEW

SMB Access Denied Errors

Risk Factors

An attacker can acquire legitimate account credentials through brute force or other techniques. With these credentials, the attacker can take advantage of the privilege levels associated with the account to access files. If sensitive files are not properly configured with the appropriate permissions, an attacker might gain unauthorized access with stolen credentials.

The system might change the risk score for this detection.

Kill Chain

Reconnaissance
Detection diagram
Next in Reconnaissance: SMB/CIFS Account Errors

Description

$source received an excessive number of errors with the SMB status code, STATUS_BAD_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL. This detection indicates that $source has an invalid impersonation level, or does not have the required impersonation level. Client impersonation is part of client/server access control. Impersonation levels define operations a server can perform in the context of $source's identity. Investigate to determine if $source is compromised and attempting to access unauthorized files or directories.

Attack Background

The SMB protocol grants user-level access to file shares based on a username and password. With stolen user credentials, an attacker can attempt to access file servers and shares. Likewise, an employee might also try to gain unauthorized access to a file server with their restricted credentials. By sending SMB session requests from various accounts, the attacker can discover which file servers are available to each user. An attacker can then leverage higher-privileged accounts to accomplish the later steps of their attack.

Mitigation Options

Restrict file share access to only authorized IP addresses and hosts

MITRE ATT&CK ID

Associated content

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